John Donnes The Holy Sonnets Essay - 1100 Words

John Donnes The Holy Sonnets By making many references to the Bible, John Donnes Holy Sonnets reveal his want to be accepted and forgiven by God. A fear of death without Gods forgiveness of sins is conveyed in these sonnets. Donne expresses extreme anxiety and fright that Satan has taken over his soul and God wont forgive him for it or his sins. A central theme of healing and forgiveness imply that John Donne, however much he wrote about God and being holy, wasnt such a holy man all of the time and tried to make up for it in his writing. In sonnet 1, the speaker is talking to God. He tells God that his death is near. He feels that with all of the sins he has committed he is leaning towards hell instead of heaven. Satan†¦show more content†¦He is made craftily and of an angelike sprite;; implying holiness. He then goes on to say that he has sinned and needs both parts of his world to be cleansed and renewed. He asks God to give him more seas, a worlds tears continuing the metaphor, to wash his sin away. Then the speaker makes a Bible reference. He asks the Lord to burn him. It is said in the Bible that the end of the world will be caused by fire. This reference is saying that the speaker wants God to destroy his world now so that he can start anew and forget about his sins in the past. Again we see the theme of sin and the want to be healed and accepted. By using this metaphor in the sonnet, he gives himself a lot of credit. To say that he is a world which God must pay so much attention to creates extrem e self-significance. And to make the allusion that the actions of the Bible would be appropriate to be put to use on such an unholy world seems a little absurd. The end of the world is how sonnet 7 starts out. This is a reminder of the fire reference in sonnet 5, to which sonnet 7 has a strong connection. In this sonnet, the speaker wants to repent so that he will not die like the other mortals who sin. All whom the flood did, and fire shall, oerthrow,; is an allusion to the Bible once again: the great flood, which Noah built his ark for, and the fire which is to cause the end of the world. And in the first two lines, Donne makes a specific allusion to the book ofShow MoreRelated Reciprocal love in John Donnes Holy Sonnets1733 Words   |  7 PagesReciprocal love in John Donnes Holy Sonnets Holy Sonnet XV deals with the question of reciprocal love that runs throughout Donne’s religious poetry. The Sonnet is an address of the speaker’s mind to the speaker’s soul; it is a meditation on the Trinity and man’s relationship to God. The poem’s form and the multi-layered conflation throughout expound upon the nature of the Trinity. The theme of humility in reciprocal religious love or receiving and understanding God’s glory (as Donne understoodRead MoreJohn Donnes Holy Sonnet 14962 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Holy Sonnet 14† by John Donne, dramatizes the conflict between contradictions and a relationship with God. In the first two lines, â€Å"Batter my heart, three-persond God; for you As yet but knock, breathe, shine, and seek to mend;† (lines 1-2) the speaker begins to ask God to â€Å"batter† into to his hear, so he can be forgiven from sin. He uses the word batter because he wants something more intense, because he doesn’t feel anything from just Gods, â€Å"knock, breath, or shine†. Having these three verbsRead MoreThe Theme Of Love In John Donnes Holy Sonnet XIV1023 Words   |  5 Pagesequally bad and good for a person. In John Donne’s Holy Sonnet XIV, he captures this sort of uncontrollable and needy desire that comes with love. Throughout the poem he not only speaks of themes that include uncontrollable desire, and not having self-control when it comes to actions of love and sex; but he also builds up these themes through tones he implies and makes in the sonnet through word choice and symbolism. The story explained throughout Donne’s Holy Sonnet XIV is not too complicated to understandRead More John Donne’s Holy Sonnets Analysis Essay511 Words   |  3 PagesJohn Donne’s Holly Sonnet, as found in any English sonnet, there is a rhyme scheme and a standard meter. Although the rhyme differs a little from the usual Petrarchan sonnet it is still categorized as one, consisting of ABBA ABBA CDDC AE. Throughout existence, there have been many theories regarding exactly what role Death plays in the lives of humans. Some think Death is the ultimate controller of all living things, while others believe it is nothing more than the act of dying, once your time hasRead More The Analysis Of The Profane And Sacred In John Donnes Poems The Flea And Holy Sonnet 141801 Words   |  8 PagesJohn Donne who is considered to be one of the wittiest poets of the seventeenth century writes the metaphysical poem The Flea and the religious poem Holy Sonnet 14. In both poems, Do nne explores the two opposing themes of physical and sacred love; in his love poem The Flea, he depicts the speaker as an immoral human being who is solely concerned with pleasing himself, where as in his sacred poem Holy Sonnet 14 Donne portrays the speaker as a noble human being because he is anxious to pleaseRead MoreThe Analysis of the Profane and Sacred in John Donnes Poems The Flea and Holy Sonnet 141869 Words   |  8 PagesJohn Donne who is considered to be one of the wittiest poets of the seventeenth century writes the metaphysical poem The Flea and the religious poem Holy Sonnet 14. In both poems, Donne explores the two opposing themes of physical and sacred love; in his love poem The Flea, he depicts the speaker as an immoral human being who is solely concerned with pleasing himself, where as in his sacred poem Holy Sonnet 14 Donne portrays the speaker as a noble human being because he is anxious to pleaseRead MoreJohn Donne s Holy Sonnet 101012 Words   |  5 PagesTh e poem I chose is a sonnet, John Donne’s Holy Sonnet 10. Around 1609, John Donne wrote a variety of religious poems called ‘Divine Poems† that included nineteen sonnets (1410). This literature reflected his interest in Jesuit and Protestant meditative procedures (1410). Although this sonnet is short, the message I received from it greatly influenced my idea of death. The story starts off as the speaker standing up to death. He tells death that it has no power over him and shows death’s comparisonRead MoreWit and Donne1587 Words   |  7 Pagesextent is this made evident in the texts you have studied? Connections between John Donne’s Selective Poems and Margaret Edson’s play Wit to a great extent enrich the audiences understanding of each text and the themes of death and love. When these texts are studied together it is evident through continual intertextual reference that Donne has heavily influenced the play Wit. Although the texts differ contextually, with Donne’s 17th Century poetry and Edson’s 20th Century script writing, their contextualRead MoreAnalysis Of The Holy SonnetBy John Donne920 Words   |  4 PagesChristian’s certainty of heaven and hell. However, John Donne was not distinctly on one side of this spectrum. Donne tottered in the middle, torn between his fear of death and God’s promise of salvation. Through three of Donne’s Holy Sonnets, the intrinsicality of his struggle can be deciphered to a certain extent. In the fourth sonnet, Donne demonstrates his belief in salvation and the promise of heaven. On the contrary, Donne tells his readers in his first sonnet that he doubts that God can truly absolveRead MoreIn Donnes Poetry the Religious and the Erotic are Dangerously Confused. Discuss1196 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ ‘In Donne’s Poetry the religious and the erotic are dangerously confused.’ Discuss. John Donne’s Holy Sonnets were a series of metaphysical poems written during the early 17th Century while he was converting to Anglicism from Roman Catholicism. Sonnet 14, known as â€Å"Batter my heart, three person’d God†, documents how Donne desires God to exercise his mastery over him in order to banish his qualms from his mind, which are manifested in the â€Å"reason† or â€Å"enemy†. However, the language that Donne

Classical Operant Conditioning Case Study - 1686 Words

Introduction In the last decade alone there has been such a progression when using the CBT approach when it comes to dealing with individuals who have a substance abuse problem. There is a link between Cognitive therapy and behavior therapy which works well together. CT has to do with thoughts, beliefs, values, and opinions where behavior is emotions, family, social relationships, cultural influences and biological factors (Rohsenow, 2016). Each of the case studies that are talked about the CBT approach and how it applies to a substance related disorder. This paper talks about classical, operant conditioning, social learning as it applies to a substance disorder. As well as the CBT approach and how it applies to someone who has a†¦show more content†¦One thing that must be understood is that when any individual uses cocaine it s for important and a particular reason. Social learning theory- when someone learns from someone else it is called social learning, it is the most c ommon way people learn. With any type of addiction such as cocaine, it requires the help of others because they tend to help each other find the drugs they are in search of. Over time the addiction occupies more and more of their time till eventually all they are doing is surrounded by people associated with the addiction. At this point, it is nearly impossible for them to withdraw away from that situation and form new relationships with people who are not associated with it (Horvath, Misra, Epner, Cooper, 2017). Cognitive therapy- was developed as a method to prevent relapse when treating problem drinking and then eventually adapted cocaine addiction. This theory is based on the development of behavioral patterns like substance abuse; individuals in CBT learn to correctly identify the problem behaviors by applying the skills necessary that can be used to stop drug abuse and to address the problems that often happen with co-occurring disorders (NIDA, 2013). When it comes to helping someone involved with CBT is to anticipate the problems that are likely going to occur and help develop effective coping strategies such as looking at the positive and negativeShow MoreRelatedClassical and Operant Conditioning Case Study1357 Words   |  6 Pagesthat occur close in time. When an organism learns to make associations, it is being conditioned. There are two types of conditioning. Operant conditioning is when an organism associates an action and the consequence of that action. It results in the or ganism adapting its behavior to maximize rewards and minimize punishment (Skinner). On the other hand, classical conditioning is a type of learning where an organism associates a certain stimulus and the response to it with a different stimulus.Read MoreA Study on Operant and Classical Conditioning1477 Words   |  6 PagesOperant and Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning best explains reflective responding that is largely controlled by stimuli preceding the response, while operant conditioning is the kind of learning influenced by stimulus events that follow the responses. (Weiten). In operant conditioning, reinforcement is defined as after the fact. Reinforcement follows a response and increases tendency to make the response. In classical conditioning, the reinforcement comes before the response is madeRead MorePavlov s Classical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning1172 Words   |  5 PagesPavlov’s Classical Conditioning vs. B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Bhavika D. Patel Atlantic Community College Abstract Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner both studied learning, in which they both did different experiments on different animals and with different conditioning. Classical conditioning is the process in which two stimuli become linked; once this association has been recognized, an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to provoke an involuntary response. The dogs in Pavlov’s studiesRead MorePavlov s Classical Conditioning And Skinner s Operant Conditioning1243 Words   |  5 PagesTaSheena Moore 2/4/2016 PSY 110 Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning and Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience. There are two types of learning, associative learning and cognitive learning. Associative learning occurs when a person or an animal forms a simple association among various stimuli, behaviors, or both. It requires little to no awareness or thought. Cognitive learning refers to understanding, knowing, and anticipating. Our subjectRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1492 Words   |  6 Pages To expand upon the concepts of the two forms of conditioning listed above, three additional principals not previously listed for the sake of convenience are present in both forms of conditioning; these three principals-extinction, spontaneous recovery, and stimulus discrimination-are among the number of basic principals of conditioning that are found in most forms of conditioning. To explain, Extinction refers to the process by which the steady weakening or diminishment of a conditioned responseRead MoreEssay Operant Conditioning1743 Words   |  7 PagesPavlov Classical conditioning is a method used in behavioral studies. It is known as classical because it is the first study of laws of learning/conditioning, It is a learned reaction that you do when evoked by a stimulus. Ivan Pavlov was the scientist who discovered classical conditioning. Ivan Pavlov was born in Russia. He lived from 1849 - 1936 . Pavlov’s field of study was physiology and natural science. One of Pavlov’s discoveries was the conditioning of dogs. While workingRead MoreClassical And Operant Conditioning And The Field Of Psychology997 Words   |  4 PagesHow have studies of classical and operant conditioning contributed to the field of psychology? In this essay I will outline the main principles of both operant and classical conditioning methods and discuss what both theories have contributed to the field of psychology and what they have taught us about the way in which some human behaviour occurs. Classical conditioning, also known as Pavlovian conditioning (Davis, S. F., Buskist, W. (2008). 21st century psychology: a reference handbook PageRead MoreClassical and Operant Conditioning on Phobias and Addictions1331 Words   |  5 PagesClassical and operant conditioning on phobias and addictions Introduction Phobia in clinical psychology context is an irrational fear of something or situation. The person suffering from phobia will try their best to avoid their phobia. In the extreme case that the person suffering from the phobia cannot avoid it, they will attempt to endure through the situation with a lot of distress ADDIN EN.CITE Swanson1986158(Swanson, 1986)15815817Swanson, Guy E.Phobias and Related Symptoms: Some Social SourcesSociologicalRead MoreClassical And Instrumental Conditioning And Classical Conditioning Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesIn order to analyse classical and instrumental conditioning, it is required to first define the content from which they are derived from, that is learning. According to Domjan, learning  is  a long lasting change in the process of behaviour involving particular stimuli with or alternately responses that result from previous experiences with those or almost the same stimuli and responses (2009). There are several learning paradigms which tak e the behaviourist approach, but as previously mentioned thisRead MoreChanging Behavior Case Study Analysis Essay examples1051 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Changing Behavior Case Study Analysis Baker College – PSY111 Seminar 3 Changing Behavior Case Study Analysis A client approached me because he has a serious problem with procrastination. My client has procrastinated most activities that were not comfortable or enjoyable for as far back as he can remember. Procrastinated activities include but are not limited to paying bills, doing homework assignments, making progress on assigned projects in the office, buying presents for birthdays or holidays

Respiratory Infections And The Aged Adult - 1737 Words

Respiratory Infection Related to the Aged Adult Despite the multiple layers of protection the human body has against infection, bacteria and viruses still have the potential to breach the hosts defense system causing a cascade of issues. In addition, the aged adult can experience some changes to the immune system, creating more risk factors for infection. In this paper I will be discussing respiratory infections related to the aged population. Specifically, a literature review will be conducted to explore normal values, assessment strategies, diagnostics, altered findings. Additionally, this information will be applied to nursing practice to discuss its implications and challenges. Normal Results of an Aged Adult The immune system is the bodies surveillance system to keep it safe from intruders. The important cells and organs inside the body are initially kept safe by mechanical barriers such as skin and cough reflexes. If the intruder gets past the physical barrier, there are security guards patrolling the body including good bacteria, buffers and pH changes and secretion of enzymes (Price, 2015, p.13). Unfortunately, this security system is not completely protected. There is potential for bacteria and viruses to get past each layer of defense causing an infection. When we are looking at the aged population and respiratory infection, there are many changes the pulmonary system experiences throughout time. Sharman Goodwin (2006) discuss the common changes includingShow MoreRelatedAbstract. The Common Cold And Influenza Are Two Common1156 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract The common cold and Influenza are two common illnesses of the upper respiratory tract. These illness can often be mistaken for each other due to the overlapping symptoms. The two symptoms that seem to present when the flu is occurring are a fever with a cough. Prevention is also similar for both of the illnesses with the exception of an actual vaccine that can be administered annually for flu prevention. Diagnosis can occur in the physicians office according to the individuals symptoms thatRead MoreEssay887 Words   |  4 Pageshealth connections of lower respiratory infections to Canada At the local level, it is evident that South Sudan is a country with a significant number of its populations suffering from communicable lower respiratory infections as previously indicated (see appendix 5). On a global scale, many countries also have to deal with the problem of lower respiratory infections. Even first class economies such as Canada have to deal with the problem of lower respiratory infections. Just like South Sudan, infantsRead MoreSymptoms and Treatment of Mononucleosis1261 Words   |  5 Pagesfollowed by an acute phase of 2 to 8 weeks. During this time, the virus can shed intermittently. Although immunity usually results after infection, in rare cases the disease may recur periodically. Mononucleosis, or mono, is often spread by saliva and close contact. Often referred to as the kissing disease, it mainly occurs in persons aged 15 to 17. However, the infection may develop at any age. Other risk factors include sharing contaminated eating utensils as well as cough or sneeze. Symptoms Drowsiness Read MoreInfluenza Is A Contagious Infection Of The United States Essay1352 Words   |  6 PagesA virus that spreads to over three million Americans per year is Influenza, commonly known as the flu. Influenza is a contagious infection of the respiratory tract causing fever, severe aches and pains, and often occurs in epidemics. This virus is one of the ten leading causes of death in the United States. For people with a normal immune system, the disease usually lasts about a week. Usually the only people who have a higher risk of being severely affected by the flu are babies, young childrenRead MoreRespiratory Syncytial Virus1638 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS Respiratory Syncytial Virus Breanna Kennelly Apollo College Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) causes acute respiratory tract infection in patients of all ages and is one of the most popular diseases of childhood. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, which manifests primarily as bronchiolitis and/or viral pneumonia, is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract (LRT) infection in infants and young children. RSV is the most common causeRead MoreEvaluation Of An Integrated Care Pathway1379 Words   |  6 Pagesheading this topic is the National Institute for Health and care Excellence (NICE). Under the pneumonia pathway I will concentrate on the â€Å"Adult with community acquired pneumonia path which is within the pathway. Pneumonia, is a lower respiratory tract infection in which there is an inflammation of the lung(s) caused by a bacterial, viral or fungal infection. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of community acquired pneumonia (Oxford dictionary of nursing). Pneumonia is often characterisedRead MoreIntegrating Burns And Infection Control1728 Words   |  7 PagesIntegrating Burns and Infection Control Abstract: An understanding of the structure of the integumentary system will assist in understanding how burn injuries affect the entire human body. The skin preforms anatomical and physiological functions which are essential to life. Damage to this system has the potential to cause irreversible chain reactions and wide spread systemic collapse that can lead to death. DermNet NZ (2006) Introduction: Burns are an everyday occurrence in the New Zealand contextRead MoreEpidemiology of Smoking688 Words   |  3 Pagestheir incidence of asthma, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), ear infections, and respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis. Smoking affects all ages, young and old. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) statistics for the prevalence of smoking in adults in Colorado, aged 18+ years, is 16.0%, and the prevalence of smoking among the youth in Colorado, aged 12-17 years is 15.7%. Adult’s aged 35+ had a mortality rate of 237.6 per 100,000 during 2000-2004 thatRead MoreThe Right to Breath With Ease1420 Words   |  6 Pagesarsenic, found in many pesticides (Report of the Surgeon General). A childs body is still developing and highly susceptible to the harmful effects of their environments. â€Å"Exposure to the poisons in secondhand smoke puts them at risk of severe respiratory diseases and can hinder the growth of their lungs† (ANR), among numerous other diseases and death. â€Å"Secondhand smoke exposure in motor vehicles may be associated with nicotine dependence symptoms among young never-smokers† (ANR). Due to the harmfulRead MorePulmonary Mycobacterium Avium Complex ( Mac ) Infection1337 Words   |  6 Pages1.0 Abstract Pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection may represent the next major health concern for immunocompromised patients; however the exact pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Current therapy consists of combined antibiotic treatment but bacterial eradication is frequently unsuccessful and the appearance of macrolide-resistant non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) strains is cause for concern. In other mycobacterial disease such as tuberculosis (TB), infected mononuclear cells

Solar Of Solar Thermal Energy - 1901 Words

Solar Thermal Energy â€Å"Even if we didn t have greenhouse gases, were going to have to move away from fossil fuels, as we re going to run out. They re finite, where as solar and wind are infinite.† - Ted Turner. Solar panels use the energy that comes from sunlight to give power. Low-temperature panels are flat plates generally used to heat things such as pools. Medium-temperature panels can also be flat plates but they are used for heating water and / or air for residential and commercial use. High-temperature panels concentrate sunlight using mirrors and lenses. They’re used for fulfilling heat requirements up to 300 degree bar pressure in industries, and for electric power production. Installation of solar panels costs $15,000 to $40,000 on average. Solar energy is energy that comes from the sun. Using solar energy does not harm the earth or anybody in it. Fossil fuels produce carbon monoxide, which is extremely harmful to humans and the earth. Solar energy can also be used for a wid e variety of things such as electricity heating air, water, etc. Solar panels have materials to convert the suns light and heat into useful energy for a household. That energy can be stored for later too. Solar energy is very reliable because the is always light every day. Solar energy is also very good for the environment. It is good for the environment because it is inexhaustible. Inexhaustible means it doesn’t give off exhaust as other fueledShow MoreRelatedA Report On Solar Thermal Energy2132 Words   |  9 PagesSolar Thermal Energy Introduction Solar thermal technology uses the sun’s energy, instead of fossil fuels, to get cheap, environmentally friendly thermal energy. This energy is employed to heat water or different fluids, and can also power solar cooling systems. Solar thermal systems vary from solar PV systems that generate electricity instead of heat. World Solar Market The world has giant solar energy resources that haven t been greatly used so far. Alternative energy presently accountsRead MoreThermal Solar Energy Lab Report1144 Words   |  5 Pagesinjected and extracted heat per length ((q) ̇/L) pulses were simulated for 300 months. A charging time of 19 months is needed to charge the ground by thermal solar energy in order to achieve the desired design temperature. In the figure, this 19-month period begins in June and ends in January. When the system is actively supplying thermal energy to the building, the temperature rises in the summer months to a peak of about 80 C and falls in the winter months to a low of about 67 C. The yearly averageRead MoreRenewable Energy Vs. Solar Thermal Power Plants1977 Words   |  8 Pagesof non-renewable energy and the fluctuation of fuel price have forced the world to find clean and economical natural energy resources by means of renewable energy. Solar energy is a sustainable alternative option that can be utilized in various ways and can be used in many applications. The world has experienced enormous enlargement in energy and fuel consumption with lacking of energy resources. Moreover, the finite fossil fuel resource could not cope up with the increasing energy demand. AccordingRead MoreA Report On Solar Thermal Energy2110 Words   |  9 PagesSolar Thermal Energy Introduction Solar water pumps are high efficiency pumps specifically designed to run from solar panels. In addition to pumping maximizer or controller, they still pump in low lightweight conditions similar to cloud cover, early morning and late afternoons. Solar energy as an influence supply for water pumping is a perfect resolution wherever water is needed once the sun is shining, or wherever it are often keep during a high location. World Solar Market The worldRead MoreInvestigation Of The Solar Thermal Energy Design Course1307 Words   |  6 PagesProceedings of the Solar Thermal Energy Design Course MECH9720 12 May 2017, Sydney, NSW, Australia z5122562 TRANSPIRED AIR HEATING COLLECTORS Ajay Kumar Hassan Nagaraj Mechanical Engineering Sydney, NSW, Australia 1. ABSTRACT The Global warming being the major problem and the fact that consumption of non-renewable resources is the reason behind it. The Future is considering complete utilization of renewable resources as energy consumption, like wind energy, solar energy, tidal energy, etc. ParticularlyRead MoreSustainable Development And Energy Development : The G8 Summit Declaration Of 7 August 20071372 Words   |  6 PagesThe ongoing demand and patterns of industrial energy production and consumption are highly unsustainable which may lead to face multiple challenges like global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, geopolitical conflicts, consecutive fuel price rises and at last fossil fuel reserves depletion. Worldwide all the developing countries are working to make a vibrant industrial sector where entrepreneurs will make investments and thus opportunities will be created for new jobs. To achieve sustainable developmentRead MoreNotes On Parabolic Trough Collector Tube1216 Words   |  5 Pagescollec tor tube I. Introduction General information Nowadays the energy consumption is on such high level that scientists all over the world are looking for other solution. The greenhouse effect is becoming more and more disturbing effect and some steps need to be taken to at least prevent some of damages which it may cause. First of all, I will try to explain what parabolic trough collector is. It is one of the types of solar thermal collectors which is straight in one dimension and curved as aRead MoreA Research Study On Water Heating1374 Words   |  6 Pagesresidential electricity consumption in urban areas. Economical and financial factors are the most important barriers followed by market availability for penetration of solar water heater [5]. A study has been conducted to find out determining factors behind adoption of various solar energy technologies: solar photovoltaic and solar thermal options, collecting data from 296 respondents from Chennai. It has been found that scarcity for electricity and carbon free operation are two most dominating motivatingRead MoreThe Rapid Depletion Of Conventional Energy Sources And Scarcity Of Fossil Fuels2233 Words   |  9 Pagesdepletion of conventional energy sources and scarcity of fossil fuels are the major energy concerns. The renewable energy such a s solar powered energy can be harnessed by using solar flat plate collector. A solar flat plate collector collects heat by absorbing heat from solar radiation. The performance of solar flat plate collector mainly depends upon the characteristics of working fluid. Conventional solar flat plate collector uses water as heat transfer fluid but it gives lower thermal efficiency. NanofluidsRead MoreThe Impact Of Solar Energy On Society1062 Words   |  5 Pages Solar Energy Rossana Contreras Jennifer J. Reyes Sylvia Romero Luis Ramirez MIS 3310 - 180 Nohemi Villalobos G., MS IS 23 November 2015 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Background History 4 Effects on People, Business Society 9 Impacts of Solar Energy 11 Important Trends for Society, Education Workplace 13 Solar Energy and the Government 16 Conclusion 19 Bibliography 20 Introduction The purpose of this research is to identify what Solar Energy is and how

The Roman Army Essay Example For Students

The Roman Army Essay The Roman Empire is considered by many as the basis of modern civilization. Today we use a form of government that was started by them long before people even knew that the Earth was round. Their reign of power began around 509 BC with the overthrow of the Etruscan dynasty till 1453 with the fall of Constantinople to the Turks. Their land, at its peak, contained such areas as Britain, Spain, Gaul, Mauretania, Egypt, Judea, Syria, Mesopotamia, Armenia, Dacia, Illyria, Macedonia, Greece, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Crete, Cyprus and of course Italy. The government of Rome had to first conquer these lands then later they would have to protect them. So they formed what is considered the greatest army of ancient times, the Roman Army. This army was a highly organized and efficient fighting force that would strike fear to almost all who opposed them. The size of their army would reach sizes that would rival even those of today. The Roman army brought about more effective tactics and weapons that would forever change warfare. The Roman Army used a system like todays military to divide their troops. The largest section was called a Legion which consisted from anywhere from 4,000 to about 5,500 combat ready troops. Each Legion was then divided into cohorts which contained about 600 men. The first cohort consisted of men in charge of administrative and supply duty. The cohort was then broken up into a century, this means unit in Latin, which consisted of about 80 to 100. A century was usually lead by a non-commissioned officer called a Centurion. Another unit that was sometimes used was a maniple which consisted of two centuries. Another division that was used divided the army into two parts which were called Comitatensis, Limtanei and Praetorian guard. The first part, which is a mobile fighting force, had to be ready to go anywhere in the empire at a moments notice. This was a highly mobile field army that could be at a trouble spot within two to three weeks. This group included lightly armed cavalry units, mounted archers (Sagittarii), lancers, and heavily armored cavalry (Cataphractii). Julius Caesar also used skilled slingers from the Balearic Islands who were strong swimmers and who could withstand cold weather. The second group was a more permanent defensive group. This mainly consisted of troops assigned to the frontier as border guards which was not a very well liked job. In order to get more people to join this part the government decided to give a barbarian land in return for serving in this group. The idea behind this was to relocate the barbarians from one area to another so that they were not defending Rome against their own people. Towards the end of the western empire there was an increasingly growing number of barbarians in this group which would prove to be devastating. These troops were the first line of defense and if attacked by a sizable force could easily be annihilated. The third group were bodyguards for the emperor. This group was started by emperor Augustus in order to stop assassinations like the one that killed Julius Caesar. The leader of the Praetorian guard was called the Praetorian Prefect. Through the time of the empire the Prefect was sometimes more powerful than the emperors they were protecting. Septimius Severus got rid of his supposed bodyguards calling them unreliable and seditious rebels and he in turn put his own hand-picked men in return. Constatine finally disband this group for good calling them more of a dangerous nuisance than imperial protection. He then started the Scholae Palatinae, or palace guard. The title Praetorian prefect did not disappear however. Instead became a entirely civilian government office without any military powers. The empire was divided into three large regions called prefectures, each under the control of a praetorian prefect. Korean Pottery EssayIn the legions their are four different combat positions for a battle. The first two groups were the Hastati and principes. These were young soldiers and they made up the main body of the legions. They made up the first two lines of defense and therefore were heavily armed and armored. They would be fully armored and would carry a thrusting sword a scutum and two javelins. The third group is the Triari. These men were the veteran soldiers of that legion. they wore the same armor as the previous two groups but, they carried a long spear instead of javelins. These men formed the rear ranks but, sometimes they werent even taken into battle. The fourth group was called the Velites. This groups job was mainly set up to be skirmishers. They were armed with a helmet, shield, a sword and short javelins. The Legions would also have an equal amount of allies fighting with them along with 300 cavalry. The roman military engineers have been considered by far some of the bes t engineers of their time due to their ability to create enormous fortifications in short time. The Romans during their reign of power mastered many tactics for attacking an enemy and defending from an enemy. One that was used in attacking a city was to surround the city and just sit their and starve them out. The key to this was that they sometimes built huge canals or moats all the way around in order to keep any attacking enemy at a safe distance and unable to sneak out easily. The romans would build enormous earth works around a castra and it is reported that they would build ramparts using as much as 20,000 cubic meters of dirt. They would also put sharpened spikes in the ground in front of the moat along with pits with sharpened spikes in them that were called lilies due to their resemblance to the flower. They were the inovaters of many engineering marvels that even todays combat enginners use. The roman army will forever be known for their great abilities in creating new tac tics and completing great engineering feats. The tactics that they created have been carried on through the ages, with only slight modifications, and are even being used and studied by todays military. There superiority went unmatched for countless years and through many emperors to become one of the greatest military powers of ancient times. Bibliography:Works Cited1. Connolly, Peter. The Roman Army, Silver Burdett Company, N.J., 19792. Grant, Michael. The Army of the Ceasars, Charles Scribners Sons, New York,19743. The Mighty Roman Legions,Online Available http://www.myron.sjsu.edu/ romeweb/ROMARMY/contents.html, April 22, 19994. Southern, Pat; Dixon, Karen R. The Late Roman Army, Yale University Press, New Haven, 19965. Webster, Graham. The Roman Imperial Army of the First and SecondCenturies A.D., Funk Wagnalls, New York, 1969

Encourage Innovation or Kill Competition Microsoft and Apple vs Google Android free essay sample

â€Å"†¦Microsoft and Apple have always been at each other’s throats, so when they get into bed together you have to start wondering what’s going on†¦Ã¢â‚¬ - David Drummond, Senior VP and Chief Legal Officer, Google. Mr. Drummond stunned the world with this accusation late 3rd August 2011 in the official Google blog. The Android operating system took the mobile-phone market by storm as its latest version(Honeycomb 3. 0) wowed the smart-phone users with out-of-this-world features like multi-tasking, multi-touch interface, over the air updates, open source, etc. Taken over by Google in 2005, and with 550,000 devices being activated every single day currently, Android seems to be the next big thing for smart-phones. But recent events involving the â€Å"patents war† and the blame-game being played out by the three behemoths, namely Google, Microsoft and Apple have brought a new issue to the forefront: are patents instruments to encourage innovation or to kill competition? Google claims that the recent acquisition of the wireless giant Nortel’s patent portfolio by an Apple-Microsoft consortium was â€Å"bogus† as a $1million deal was finally made at . We will write a custom essay sample on Encourage Innovation or Kill Competition? Microsoft and Apple vs Google Android or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page million. Google was invited to bid on Nortel’s patent portfolio in early July but was outbid by the consortium. It has requested the US Department of Justice( DOJ) to investigate whether this was done to achieve anti-competitive means. It is also working on strengthening its own patent portfolio to be able to combat competitive threats in the future. The DOJ has already asked Microsoft to sell the patents it had bought earlier and make them open-source. Earlier, Oracle sued Google for using Java in Android. Microsoft and Apple have both sued Motorola, a licensee of Android. Another licensee, HTC has had to pay huge royalties to Apple for a twin 4 patent infringement. Implication: This will help to necessitate and encourage round-the-clock innovation in the open-source community. Also the Android suppliers and users will not have to suffer due to licensing fees and end-user costs being driven up by competitors of Android holding all patents. Google has to keep innovating for Android so as to maintain its competitive edge. The fact that Android is offered for free and Microsoft has to charge a licensing fee for its Windows Phone 7 has not gone down well with Android competitors and that has led to the latter scrambling to acquire patents in the field of wireless, wireless 4G, optical, voice, internet, etc to gain long-term benefits and also suing Android as well as its partners for using the competitors’ patented technology. Whether acquisition of patents and lawsuits for their infringement can yield long term benefits for their holders or undermine innovation in the open-source community remains to be seen.